All the study participants met regularly with their doctors, and each patient's response to treatment was measured on a pain scale, as was the amount of pain medication required.

所有的受试者会定期会见他们各自的医生，并且患者的治疗后的反应会纪录在一张疼痛量表上，并被转换成所需止疼药的总量。

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They also provide composable functionality required to support complex, large-scale systems.

并提供可复合的功能以支持复杂的大规模系统。

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We asked archaeologist Toby Wilkinson what state building on this scale required.

我们请教了考古学家托比·威尔金森，到底建设这么大规模的王朝需要什么呢？

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Under present circumstances, the private markets cannot offer annuities of this kind, at least not at the scale required to replace Social Security.

FORBES: Why Americans Are Skeptical About Private Social Security Accounts

In both cases of new engines or biorefineries, there will be huge new engineering required on a scale that can only be guessed at if algae really can be exploited to make a nation the size of the United States independent of cheap imported crude oil.

FORBES: Algae To Fuels Under Pressure

We have been trying for many years to secure resources to restore the castle to its former glory, but the scale of funding required has not been available.

BBC: Bid to restore music machine 'built for Queen Victoria'