The odd ones out are America and Britain, which both have lots of women at work and fertility rates close to replacement level (with immigration making up the rest).

美国和英国则是例外，它们都有大量工作妇女，且生育率接近替代水平（不足部分有移民补充）。

youdao

The target reductions in fertility rates were reached long ago. Current rates, he says, are below replacement levels and are unsustainable.

他说，生育率的下降目标早已实现，现在的生育率已经低于人口替换率，这会导致失衡。

youdao

Fertility rates in many European nations and Japan have dropped below the replacement rate, causing concern that shortages of labor and productivity could threaten the quality of life.

许多欧洲国家和日本的生育率已经下降到人口置换率以下，这让人们担心，劳动力短缺和生产力下降将威胁生活质量。

youdao

We estimate that a relatively low level of disparity in replacement rates will result in smaller market-share shifts in the future.

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For many employees covered by them, net replacement rates will be adequate.

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There were also increases in labour-market flexibility through improving job search for those on benefits, reducing replacement rates, increasing in-work benefits and restricting union power.

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