This phenomenon coincides with Bragg equation and the law of refraction.

这一现象与布拉格方程和折射定律所得结果一致。

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For this new type fiber end, the ray refraction formula at a spherical surface and the ray trace equation are used to analyze ray transformation properties.

借助于光纤在球面上的折射公式及光线传输方程，分析了这种新型单模光纤端的光学传递性质。

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Parabolic mild slope equation and modified mild slope equation are applied to solve refraction diffraction of waves over twain circular shoal.

使用抛物型缓坡方程和修改抛物型缓坡方程研究了双圆形浅滩地形的波浪折射绕射。

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