War is, no doubt, an extremely complicated social phenomenon, and many scholars have investigated the problem of the causes of war since the days of Thucydides si Text and ref.

毫无疑问，战争是一种极其复杂的社会现象。引发战争的原因是什么？

youdao

That is why this example USES the ref keyword in the correspondence, to express that a mapping should already exist for the referenced element and there is no need to create another one.

这就是本例在通讯中使用关键词ref来表达对引用元素映射应该已经存在而无须再建立一个映射的含义。

youdao

For example, an external ejb reference (an ejb-ref in the deployment descriptor) in a Web application is tied to an actual deployed ejb component at this point — and no sooner.

例如，Web应用程序中的外部ejb引用(部署描述符中的ejb - ref)就是在此时被绑定到实际部署的ejb组件——而且是立即绑定。

youdao

Rampaging right-back Gunter was hacked down Rashad Sadygov in the penalty area and ref Stavrev had no hesitation in pointing to the spot.

BBC: Wales 1-0 Azerbaijan

No call by the ref on that pass.

CNN: Wacky, weird and wonderful Super Bowl

Connor's next penalty attempt was only awarded on the advice of the video ref, but the fly-half had no such worries over his next attempt as the Dragons recovered from Molitika's try to lead 19-13 in the 52nd minute.

BBC: Dragons 19-21 Cardiff Blues