If businesses are worried about the future (ah those animal spirits), why won't ANY form of attempted stimulus-fiscal or monetary-be dominated by nominal effects rather than real effects?

如果企业对未来担忧(可叹那些动物精神)，为什么那些企图对财政或货币方向进行的刺激，不受名义影响支配而是由实际影响支配呢？

youdao

If real dividends barely grow over the long term, then a forecast of stagnant nominal dividends may simply reflect investors' expectations of zero inflation.

如果长期实际股息分红几乎不增长，那么对于名义分红不景气的预测可能仅仅反映出投资者的零通胀预期。

youdao

Deflation serves no benefit to the Federal Reserve, as declining prices spur positive-feedback panic selling and bank runs, and debt repayments in nominal terms under deflation cause real losses.

通货紧缩对美联储没有益处，下跌的价格刺激正反馈的恐慌性抛售和银行挤提，以及在通货紧缩下以名义价偿还债务造成的真正损失。

youdao

So we would say the real interest rate equals the nominal rate-- approximately equals--the nominal rate minus the inflation rate.

我们可以推出实际利率约等于,名义利率减去通货膨胀率

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The real interest rate, computed from nominal rates, is equal to one plus the nominal rate divided by one plus the inflation rate, so it corrects for inflation.

由名义利率算得的实际利率 等于,/,它是一个经通胀调整后指标

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

One way to visualize the damage from ZIRP is to recognize that the spread between real and nominal interest rates is analogous to the spread between rates on default-free and risky debt.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Real estate had nominal negative returns in two of the three periods, and in one period it produced a positive real return.

FORBES: Gold's Twelve Month March To $3,800

Real interest rates are basically a function of economic growth and the difference between real rates and nominal rates rooted in inflation calculations.

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