Reaction wheels are widely used in the modern spacecraft attitude control systems.

在现代卫星的姿态控制系统中，反作用轮得到了广泛应用。

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In this paper an advanced design concept of zero-bias momentum 3-axes attitude control system consisting of four skew reaction wheels is presented.

本文提出一个与常规不同的零动量——偏置动量三轴姿态控制系统的设计方案。该系统由四个斜装的反作用轮组成。

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The time-optimal control law for motor torques of reaction wheels is designed, and, the calculated formulations of maneuver time and system state are given.

进一步的设计了反作用飞轮电机力矩的快速控制规律。给出了机动时间和系统状态的简单计算公式。

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So Kepler's reaction wheels are essential for pointing the spacecraft accurately and steadily.

CNN: Kepler or not, we'll find life in space

Controllers have been forced to use thrusters in addition to the last remaining reaction wheels in order to maintain a stable attitude.

BBC: NEWS | Science/Nature | Asteroid probe 'did touch down'

But last July one of the spacecraft's four reaction wheels broke down, leaving scientists aware that a further failure was likely and would prevent the telescope operating as it should.

BBC: Nasa's Kepler telescope hobbled by faulty wheel