In process of social reconstruction in Early Qing Dynasty, prominent families of Gui-de Prefecture attempted to comeback and maintain regional control system of gentry level.

在清代前期的社会重建过程中，归德府的世家大族试图卷土重来，继续维持士绅阶层的地域支配体制。

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In the literature of Ming and Qing dynasties, Wang Shenzhong, Tang Shunzhi and Gui Youguang belong to the same school. However, there is no explicit designation for this school.

在明清两代文献中，王慎中、唐顺之、归有光属于同一流派，然而，对这一流派的称谓，却没有明确的表述。

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