One such company (Suntech or Wuxi Shangdu by its Chinese name) received a grant in 2002 to develop an intelligent controller for PV systems.

无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司在2002年获得一笔赠款，用于开发一种智能型光伏系统控制箱。

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The output characteristics of PV arrays is the base of research on PV systems.

光伏阵列输出特性是光伏发电系统研究中的最基本问题。

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From the perspective of manufacturing costs, PV systems require purified silicon while solar-thermal ones do not.

从材料成本来看，光伏需要提纯硅而光热不需要。

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After Hurricane Andrew in 1992, PV systems were brought in to provide power to shelters and streetlights.

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Nice thing, no fuel cost, and even after 50 years PV systems will operate at least around 75% of initial capacity.

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Eligible improvements (PDF) include not only energy-saving equipment such as insulation, lighting, and HVAC systems but onsite renewable energy (rooftop PV, wind turbines, and fuel cells) and water-saving upgrades such as low-flow plumbing fixtures and grey water systems.

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