Countries have been responding to high food prices and grain scarcity by scaling up efforts to achieve grain self-sufficiency and rebuild their public reserves.

国家对高涨的粮食价格和食品短缺作出的反应是，进一步努力提高粮食自给能力和重新建立公共储备。

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The effects on bank fundsof these variations in the amount of currency held by the public usually areoffset by the central bank, which replaces the reserves absorbed by currencywithdrawals from banks.

公众现金的需求的变化对于银行资金的影响通常会由央行来补偿，来补充由于银行提取的现金所减少的准备金。

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Furthermore, says Dr Chandler, the public procedure by which Marine reserves are designated as such causes delays.

此外，查德勒博士说海洋保护的公共程序制定由于这些原因也推迟了。

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The lack of any monetary rule to constrain the Fed and the lack of any convertibility principle, as existed under the classical gold standard, means the Fed has a monopoly on base money (currency held by the public plus reserves), the supply of which is determined by a small group of Fed officials who presume to be able to forecast the future.

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Some have large reserves of public stocks, like the US, Japan and Germany, which can be offered to the market through loans or sales.

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The country made public its level of reserves each day.

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