She drew her data from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) -not a perfect indicator of inventiveness, but probably a fair proxy for it.

她从美国专利局和商标局(USPTO)获取并处理数据。USPTO虽然不是一个完美的发明的指标，但是可能是一个发明的公平的代理人。

youdao

Nevermind that white applicants had almost double the number of citations for previous work, an indicator many reviewers use as a proxy for research quality.

FORBES: Should Science Funding Be Racially Gerrymandered?