Antagonists tend to be small molecules that bind irreversibly to the receptor preventing its normal function, while agonists may be small or large molecules (e.g. peptide or protein hormones).

抑制剂一般是小分子，他们不可逆转地结合在受体上阻碍其正常功能，而兴奋剂可以是小或大分子。

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The brain cells containing these mRNA's can then be isolated and their mRNA's decoded to determine just what their protein products are and how closely the products resemble the true peptide hormones.

然后，含有这些信使核糖核苷酸的脑细胞就可以被分离开来，研究者可对其信使核糖核苷酸进行解码，以确定它们的蛋白质产物究竟是什么，并确定这些蛋白质产物在何种程度上类似于真正的肽激素。

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Cows, like humans, produce insulin-like growth factor in response to growth hormones and release it into the blood, and the protein makes its way into their milk.

奶牛和人一样，也能在生长激素的作用下分泌类胰岛素生长因子，这种蛋白质被释放到血液里，从而进入到牛奶中。

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Example, protein hormones are insulin which we've talked about before and glucagon, and growth hormone which we haven't talked about but that's very important during periods of life like adolescence, when rapid growth of your bones is occurring.

例如,我们以前讲过的胰岛素,还有胰高血糖素都是蛋白质激素,生长激素也是,尽管我们还没有讲过它,但它在人的青春期阶段,起着非常重要的作用,骨骼在此时期快速生长

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The scientists believe the gene makes a protein that helps to release the hormones that are responsible for the physical changes around puberty.

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First, by using radioactive tracers to track the behavior of hormones, Lekfowitz was able to identify and extract unique receptor molecules protein assemblies on the surface of cells including the receptor for the well-known fight-or-flight hormone, adrenaline.

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These channels are cylindrical assemblages of protein molecules which help to control such things as the electrical activity of nerve cells and the release of hormones.

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