But it is incompatible with the nature of a university, and has a series of dysfunctions, which are especially embodied in the conflicts between professional authority and bureaucratic power.

但是科层制与大学的组织特性并不完全相容，在实践运行过程中造成一系列的功能障碍，突出表现在专业权威与科层权威之间的冲突。

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This past summer, the agency used that authority to mandate a boxed warning on the professional labeling for antipsychotics.

在去年夏天，此机构使用此项权利在抗精神类药物添加医护人员标识的警告信息。

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In a society of hierarchy and deference towards authority, laymen will rarely dare to argue with professional judges.

在日本这样一个等级森严且尊重权威的社会里，门外汉并不愿意对专职法官指手画脚也怯于挑战法官权威。

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"If she reminds you a little of Dear Abby, it's because she is a little like Dear Abby with what seems a greater seriousness of purpose and far more professional authority in the advice she is handing out, " wrote the New York Herald Tribune in 1958.

WSJ: She Was the 'Founding Mother'

The local authority has been working with local professional dog walkers to draw up a code of conduct that they will be required to follow.

BBC: Dog walking

We will eventually see a resulting decline in the quality of what has been the best higher-education system in the world, as the people capable of designing a college curriculum and staffing it lose authority over the areas of their professional expertise.

WSJ: Should Tenure for College Professors Be Abolished?