Though exports were 34% of GDP in 2008, these included "processing exports" -goods imported into China, processed and exported without much value having been added.

尽管2008年中国出口占GDP的34%，但这些出口中包括“加工出口”——即那些进口到中国、加工后出口、并在此过程中仅添加少量附加值的商品。

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It is thanks to companies like these that Italy still exports more food-processing machines, washing machines, fridges, shoes and shoe-making machines, ski boots, ceramic tiles, jewels, woollen and silk clothes, radiators and boilers, optical frames and neck-ties than any other country in the world.

ECONOMIST: A survey of Italy

There are 35 processing plants in Romania that are authorized to slaughter horses, and horse exports are on the increase, up 10 percent in the last year.

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In 1995 the federal government decreed so-called Order 58-R, which set the volume of oil exports and obligated the Moscow Oil Refinery to build a factory for processing polypropylene-based chemicals, financed by petroleum revenues over a ten-year period.

FORBES: The Boomerang Effect