Fake right appearance is a common phenomenon in private law, and the private law itself must make a response to this phenomenon, thus, the rule of fake right appearance has taken shape.

权利表象是私法中的常见现象，私法本身必须对此做出回应，从而形成独具价值的权利表象规则。

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State immunity is a common topic in International Law, Private International Law and International Economic Law, and also an old topic long debated.

国家豁免问题是国际法、国际私法和国际经济法的一个共同话题，也是一个长期争论的古老话题。

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Another name is' private international law ', which is in common use in Europe.

另外一个名称为“国际私法”，这一名称普遍使用于欧洲。

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Six courts of appeal have ruled that a private right of action exists, while three have ruled such a right cannot be found in common law.

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The IRS itself, in its regulations and rulings, has held that a 501(c)(4) can provide a substantial (but unquantified) private benefit to its members so long as its primary activity is promoting the common good, says George Washington University law professor Miriam Galston.

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