With the implementation of mathematics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (Trial Edition), great changes have taken place in primary mathematics teaching.

《全日制义务教育数学课程标准》(实验稿)实施以来，小学数学教学焕发出勃勃生机。

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The understanding of the strategies of problem solving in primary mathematics textbooks will directly influence the aim of the classroom teaching design and the actual performance of the teaching.

对小学数学教科书中有关“解决问题的策略”的理解，将直接影响其课堂教学设计的针对性与教学实际的具体效益。

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Advanced mathematics has made a qualitative leap both in ways and in subjects compared with primary mathematics. Its abstract content and logic always put students in puzzle in learning.

高等数学这门课程无论是方法上还是对象上对比初等数学都是一个质的飞跃，其内容的抽象性和逻辑性造成了相当一部分学生学习的困惑。

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So, what we're dealing here with is a situation where the ancient Greeks were very much into mathematics as a way of explaining the world and explaining music in particular And they thought these ratios were primary.

那么,我们现在要潜心琢磨,古希腊人热衷于,用数学来解释世界,尤其是音乐的这种情形,他们认为这些比例才是基础

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"Indeed in our view such competence is central to the success of primary mathematics, so much so that we would recommend an earlier emphasis for the mastery of some basic skills such as multiplication tables, " he said in a paper due to be published later this week.

BBC: Primary maths plan threatens 'too much too soon'

The IEA is probably best known for its Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), an international large-scale assessment of learning outcomes (ILSA) for primary school learners in science and mathematics, as well as for PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study).

UNESCO: Article on assesment

Last month, the government's numeracy taskforce issued detailed guidelines for primary schools, calling for one hour of mathematics every day and outlining an ideal structure for the lessons.

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