Collecting raw material, which is reading books and taking notes, is very much like the process of brainstorming at the prewriting stage of an ordinary essay.

收集原始资料，即阅读书籍和做笔记，很像写一篇普通文章前的头脑风暴过程。

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Which prewriting activities are more effective than the others?

哪些写前活动在哪些方面更有效?。

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Even your decision toswitchtopics while prewriting is a type of revising.

甚至在写作前构思时决定要更改题目也是一种类型的修改。

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