Recognising that rates of return on various asset classes are not constant, do not accrue in a smooth manner through time, and vary according to prevailing value gaps should be incorporated into SAA.

识别到各种类别资产的回报率并非一成不变，也不会随时间而一点一点增长，会按照市值差而发生变化，这些都要加到SAA中去。

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This model is independent of the hypothesis of stock elementary value and effective market, and can explain the phenomenon of invalid market proposed by prevailing finance.

这个模型不依赖对证券基础价值的假设，也不依赖市场有效性的假设，可以解释针对主流金融学提出的市场无效现象。

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Hence this paper proposes a method in energy calculation, which can be arbitrary close to the exact value, and helps to measure the accuracy of the prevailing methods.

由此得到一种能量计算方法，能够逼近准确值，可用于分析现有方法的准确性。

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Privately held fortunes were valued at book value or by coupling estimates of revenues, profits or book value to prevailing ratios for similarly publicly traded companies.

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Mr Isaac reckons that many of the measures that were introduced to instil discipline notably fair-value accounting, which forces banks to mark assets to the prevailing market price actually exacerbated the latest crisis.

ECONOMIST: Learning from the past

If all or many investors redeem at the same time, the fund will be forced to sell securities at fire sale prices, causing the fund to break a dollar, but also depressing prevailing market prices and thereby placing pressure on the ability of other funds to maintain a stable net asset value.

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