However, there is different knowledge about the effect of presumption of causality on allocation of burden of proof in the theoretic and practical field.

然而，理论界和实务界对于这种推定因果关系在证明责任分配上的效力，却存在不同的认识。

youdao

Considering from judicial practice, presumption is an indispensable means of proof for satisfying the needs of court operating.

从司法实践层面上看，推定是满足法院运用需要的、不可或缺的证明手段。

youdao

The burden of proof of holding type crimes is a presumption essentially ;

持有型犯罪的证明责任，从根本上说是一种推定；

youdao

But it seems possible that the rules will include a presumption of innocence, the need for proof beyond reasonable doubt, and the right to choose your counsel.

ECONOMIST: Liberty v security

At Index Ventures, we have modelled the early stage development process (up to proof of clinical concept) on the presumption that the majority of the risk in a discovery programme is not only unknown but it also unknowable (ahead of testing in man).

FORBES: Are We The Problem? The Role Of Poor Decision-Making In Stifling Drug Development