The interactive PFEA approach is probed preparatory in order to obtain the optimum blank shape for square cup deep-drawing, and the result accords with that from publications, too.

针对方盒拉深中的坯料形状优化问题进行了交互式参数化有限元法研究，其结果与现有文献试验结果基本吻合。

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Other artists even photographers will continue to use drawing as preparatory work before making a finished art work.

某些艺术家用手绘作为绘画训练，某些一直坚持用手绘帮助艺术创作。

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The sketch, a preparatory drawing for one of the vertical box assemblages that were a frequent theme of Judd's work at the time, could easily be mistaken for a floor plan of the building, a series of stacked volumes one atop the other.

WSJ: Donald Judd's SoHo Haven