Human premolars 人前磨牙
Permanent premolars 永久小臼齿
upper premolars 上颌前磨牙
first premolars 第一双尖牙
premolars loss 前磨牙缺失
second premolars 第二前磨牙
premolars extraction 前磨牙拔除
impacted premolars 阻生前臼齿
Maxillary premolars 上颌前磨牙
ADJ situated before a molar tooth 前臼齿的
N any one of eight bicuspid teeth in the human adult, two situated on each side of both jaws between the first molar and the canine 前臼齿
Methods 60 human premolars were selected and divided into six groups by random.
方法收集离体人前磨牙60个，随机分成6组。
Absence of more than two first premolars or absence of a first and a second premolar.
缺少超过两个第一前臼齿或者一个第一和一个第二前臼齿。
Objective: To investigate the root and canal morphology of extracted mandibular premolars.
目的：研究离体下颌前磨牙的牙根及根管形态。
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