Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid-based coloration.

对几种动物的研究表明，在选择配偶时，雌性更喜欢鲜艳的类胡萝卜素着色的雄性。

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Females clearly prefer males bearing edible presents.

雌蜘蛛显然更喜欢带有食物礼品的雄蜘蛛。

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Young males, whether simian or human, prefer toys that can be used actively or propelled in space, and which afford greater opportunities for rough play.

年幼的雄性，不论人类还是猴子都喜欢那些有动力、能运动的玩具，而这些也给他们更多机会做粗犷的活动。

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That makes sense because previous work has shown that skinny female zebra finches are less likely to survive and reproduce than skinny males so when resources are poor, parents should prefer to produce sons.

ECONOMIST: Sexy sons, dutiful daughters | The

She was also able to demonstrate that the reddest males were indeed the choosiest about who got to do the laying, and that they did prefer bigger females.

ECONOMIST: Birds do it, bees do it | The