More open space has been provided than pre-development and the non-roof areas reduce the urban heat-island effect.

项目还提供了比以往更多的公共空间，露天区域同时也减少了城市热导效应。

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In software development, the programmer writes pre - and postconditions in order to establish the role of a particular software component.

在软件开发里，程序员编写前置和后置条件来确立特定软件组件的角色。

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So how can we create a lean, quality-focused software development environment while working with pre-packaged code?

因此，在使用预包装的代码时，我们如何能够创建一个瘦的、聚焦于质量的软件开发环境？

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In contrast, American companies typically spend more time on pre-development research, and then rely more on marketing.

BBC: Ativ Tab

Meanwhile, Hecla said it has expanded pre-development and exploration programs at other properties.

FORBES: Update:Hecla Plans To Reopen Lucky Friday Mine In 1Q; Loss Reported In 3Q

Centrica's 20% share of the pre-development expenditure will be written off as an exceptional cost in the group's 2012 results.

BBC: Centrica pulls out of new UK nuclear projects