At present 1.5 babies are born for every European Union woman, when two births are required for the population "replacement rate" to be maintained.

目前欧盟国家的妇女平均生1.5个孩子，而为了保持人口替代率，每个妇女至少要生2个孩子。

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Still, because the current level is far below the level of 2.07 required to prevent population replacement, the result is net decline.

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Singapore's total fertility rate of 1.2, which represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years, has been below the population replacement rate for more than three decades.

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Larry Summers, Barack Obama's main economic adviser, has noted that current annualised vehicle sales of about 9m are well below the 14m necessary for replacement and rising population, while annualised housing starts are about a quarter of the rate needed to support the forming of new households.

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