In Japan, the Nikkei index finished 207 points lower, some 2.1 percent.

日本的日经指数跌落207点，跌幅2.1%。

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Progress has not been uniform, of course. In Italy and Japan employment rates for men are more than 20 percentage points higher than those for women (see chart 1).

当然，进程不可能是一致的，在意大利和日本，男性的就业率比女性高出20多个百分点（见图1）。

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In Italy, Japan and Spain it is over 20 points.

在意大利、日本和西班牙超过20个百分点。

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The largest declines were 12 percentage points in Japan and Germany, while the U.S. effective rate over that period fell from 25% in 1999 to 20% in 2009, according to studies by the OECD.

FORBES: A Cross Country Comparison Of Corporate Income Taxes

Koichi Nakano of Sophia University in Tokyo points out that Japan's distorted electoral map exaggerates the size of the defeat: the DPJ lost heavily against LDP candidates in depopulated rural areas that are considered to be the opposition's heartland, but which produce a disproportionate number of seats.

ECONOMIST: Japan's upper-house elections

Alex Kinmont, an investment analyst for Morgan Stanley, points out that the domestic overcapacity in Japan's car market is equivalent to Britain's total car production.

ECONOMIST: Corporate Japan goes to waste