Even if wages in China explode, some multinationals will find it hard to bring many jobs back to America, argues Mr Pisano.

皮萨诺先生认为，尽管在中国的工资爆炸式增长，但是跨国企业很难找到许多的工作岗位带回美国。

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"RAILROADS and telegraphs needed the modern corporation and semiconductors and software needed venture capital," says Gary Pisano.

加里匹萨诺：“铁路和电信业曾需要现代管理方式，半导体和软件业曾需要风险投资”。

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Firms did not realise when they shifted operations to low-wage countries that some moves “would be almost irreversible”, says Mr Pisano.

同时他说：“当公司将转移那些工厂到低工资收入的国家时，他们没有意识到那是“几乎不可逆转的”。

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Harvard Business School professor Gary Pisano doubts the reorg will make a giant difference.

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Pisano and Shih begin with a basic statistic about manufacturing in the United States.

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