Maxillofacial defects not only cause physiological malfunction but also cause psychological hurt heavily to patients. They even lose confidence for life because of damaged functions and appearance.
颌面部缺损不仅造成生理功能的缺陷和丧失，而且因容貌的损坏给患者造成严重的心理创伤，甚至使其丧失生活信心。
Partial resection of the upper jaw causes dental and bone tissue defects, provoking physiological malformation.
切除部分上颌骨造成牙、颌骨组织缺损畸形，导致生理功能障碍。
The study of worm mutants with developmental defects has led to the identification of genes that encode regulators of developmental and physiological processes important to all animals.
研究发育缺陷的线虫突变体有助于在动物中发现对发育和生理过程有重要调控作用的基因。
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