Each of these systems has its trade-offs, but generally the compaction phase is an expensive one in terms of time and effort.

每个这样的系统都有自己的平衡方法，但一般说来压缩阶段在时间和工作上都耗费颇多。

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To alleviate the fragmentation issue, some collectors implement a compaction, or defragmentation, phase to their collection cycle.

为了缓解碎片问题，一些收集器针对其收集循环实现一个压缩或碎片整理阶段。

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In a compaction phase, the objects that are on the heap are consolidated to allow any free memory to gather together and satisfy the current request.

在compaction阶段，heap上的对象会被整合以便将所有空闲空间收集起来满足当前的请求。

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