Large numbers of permanent employees make it difficult for organizations to respond quickly to downturns in demand by decreasing payroll costs.

大量的固定雇员使得企业很难通过降低工资成本来迅速应对需求下降。

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They also propose replacing fixed-term contracts for new hires with a permanent contract in which firing costs rise with seniority but not as high as at present.

他们也建议以长期合同代替新人的定期合同，这种合同的解雇成本会随被解雇者的资历上升，但仍比现在要低。

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We also made the Research and Experimentation Tax Credit permanent to help burgeoning companies afford the high costs of developing new products and technologies.

通过将研究和实验税收抵免从有固定期限抵免改为永久性抵免，帮助新企业减少高昂的新产品和技术研发费用。

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If Boeing has to reconfigure the 787 to something other than lithium-ion batteries, the costs will make the 787 a permanent loser.

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The decision by Germany's Constitutional Court Wednesday to dismiss a complaint against Europe's permanent bailout fund helped ease pressure on borrowing costs for Italy and Spain, the countries next in the firing line of Europe's sovereign debt crisis.

CNN: Ghosn: Eurozone now has time, but needs growth

George argues that temporary provisions are the only tax laws where the costs are fully accounted for because permanent tax cuts can cost much more outside the budget window than in the five- or ten-year period considered when the legislation is debated.

FORBES: Three Strikes and You're Out for Tax Extenders