According to the changes of the fitness, updated the inertia weight of each particle after each iteration to achieved a self-adaptive adjustment of global search ability and local search capabilities.

在每次迭代时，算法可根据粒子的适应度变化动态改变惯性权重，从而使算法具有动态自适应性全局搜索与局部搜索能力。

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The frictional force between a particle and fluid counterbalances the weight of the particle.

颗粒与流体之间的摩擦力与其重量相平衡。

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With graphite particle content increasing from 5% to 20%, wear weight-loss and friction coefficient of the composites are obviously declined, greatly improving wear resistance of the composites.

随着石墨颗粒含量从5%增加到20%，镁合金基复合材料的耐磨性得到明显的改善，磨损质量损失与摩擦系数都降低到较低水平。

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Half of the atoms in a five-nanometre particle are on its surface, which can make it many times more toxic than expected by weight alone.

ECONOMIST: The risk in nanotechnology