The fact that human error played such a part casts a shadow over previous franchise bids, although they would have been decided using a different computer model.

BBC: West Coast mainline and the mistakes that ended rail bid

Labour leader Ed Miliband has promoted several MPs elected only last year to his shadow cabinet as part of a wide-ranging reshuffle.

BBC: Ed Miliband promotes fresh faces to Labour top team

Adobe has made a beta version of Shadow available as part of Adobe Labs, which also houses other web design offerings like Adobe Edge and Muse.

FORBES: The Shadow Knows: Adobe Unveils Shadow, A Sleuth for Mobile Web Design