Although SOAP was originally designed to work only with HTTP, any transport protocol or messaging middleware can be used to carry a SOAP message.
虽然SOAP最初在设计上仅与HTTP一起使用，但任何传输协议或消息传递中间件都可用来传送soap消息。
The challenge is that there is not one consistent approach or API to deal with these different mechanisms, and in most real SOA environments, you will come across more than one messaging protocol.
问题是没有一个一致的方法或 API 来处理这些不同的机制，而且在大多数实际的 SOA 环境中，您会遇到多个消息传递协议。
Architecturally, components interact via an abstract service model-a messaging model that resides at a level of abstraction above any particular protocol or message-encoding format.
架构上，组件通过一个抽象的服务模型(一个消息传递模型，位于任何特殊协议或消息编码之上的抽象层中)进行交互。
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