Propagation can also happen in different directions: horizontal or downstream.

传播还可能发生在不同的方向上：水平的或者下游。

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Other firms are looking beyond directly blocking VEGF, and are using RNA interference to target other molecules in its signalling pathway, either upstream or downstream.

其它公司不仅仅在考虑直接阻断VEGF，而是尝试通过RNA干扰来瞄准其信号路径中的其它分子，上行或者下行均可。

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A device incorporating an orifice that is used to control fluid flow rate or downstream system pressure.

包括一个喷嘴的装置。它用于控制流体的流量或下游系统的压力。

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Some specialize in upstream (gathering and production) or downstream (refining and marketing) operations.

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Targeting other parts of the same biological pathway, upstream or downstream of the receptor, could also suggest new treatment options.

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By using this correlation criterion, the Fund provides exposure to pure-play oil companies with significant oil reserves that are not as involved in other industries such as natural gas or downstream operations.

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