The microlens arrays are the important kind of micro-optics elements.

微透镜阵列就是其中一种重要的微光学元件。

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All the above provides theoretical method of calculating the vibration misalignment of optics elements.

提供了计算光学元件的振动失调位移的理论方法。

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Based on the theory of scalar diffraction, an error model is established to investigate the effect of alignment error on the efficiency of binary optics elements.

本文基于标量衍射理论，建立了简明的对准误差与二元光学器件衍射效率的分析模型，得到了适用于一般位相分布器件的衍射效率的简便实用的计算公式。

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Rare earth elements are also used for military applications, such as advanced optics technologies, radar and radiation detection equipment, and advanced communications systems, according to a 2011 research report by the US Government Accountability Office.

BBC: US to build $120m rare earth research institute