The most common approach to extracting metal-bearing ore from a porphyry copper deposit is by open-pit mining, although such mines also typically include some underground activities.

从斑岩含铜矿床开采含金属的矿石，最主要的方式是露天开采，尽管这种矿床常会伴随一些地下的地质活动。

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Greenhouse gas emissions of tar sands crude are 40% higher than conventional oil, and the open-pit mining has devastated Alberta's boreal forest.

焦油砂的温室气体排放量比普通石油高40%，露天采矿已经极大地破坏了阿尔伯塔的北方气候带森林。

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Research on the safety and stability of slope in open-pit mining is very significant to safety production of open mines.

研究露天开采边坡的安全稳定对露天矿山的安全生产具有重要意义。

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At Surmont, instead of open-pit mining, the bitumen is melted out of the ground by injecting steam.

FORBES: Total Drops $1 Billion In Oil Sands Grab

The geology in Texas allows for a mining procedure called "in situ" recovery, cheaper than traditional seam or open-pit mining.

FORBES: Energy & Genius

The big prize here is a 20% stake in the Fort Hills oil sands project, an open-pit mining operation targeting 3.4 billion barrels of bitumen.

FORBES: Total Drops $1 Billion In Oil Sands Grab