A decade ago most ethylene in North America was made using naphtha, an oil derivative: it is this process that has propylene as its by-product.

十年前，北美的大多数乙烯是石油脑(一种石油衍生物)所制：其生产过程所产生的副产物正是丙烯。

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Instead, when a company or an investor wants to buy a derivative contract for, say, oil or wheat or securitized mortgages, an order is placed with a trader at a bank.

当一家公司或者一个投资者想买一份衍生产品合同，例如石油或者小麦或者担保抵押，其买单是在一家银行的交易员那里。

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To this end an aspartic acid derivative and a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol are incorporated as additives in a base oil of e. g. mineral oil or synthetic oil type.

为此，在例如矿物油或合成油类型的基础油中加入了作为添加剂的天门冬氨酸衍生物和多元醇的脂肪酸酯。

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Basically, the higher oil prices are, the more oil and derivative products will be sold, which should increase profits.

FORBES: Peak Oil Plan

Service companies are a second derivative of rising oil prices.

FORBES: Magazine Article

The windfall profits of oil companies in recent months are derivative largely from their overseas investment - the North Sea, as far as BP is concerned, only accounts for 10% of its profits.

BBC: 'No plans' for oil windfall tax