These speedy electrons interact with photons in the galactic halo, boosting some of them up to the gamma-ray energies observed in the bubbles.

这些高速电子与银河晕的光子相互作用，将它们中的一些激发，使之成为泡泡中观测到的伽马射线。

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Fermi was located immediately above a thunderstorm for most of the observed gamma-ray flashes, but in several cases, storms were far away.

把费米直接去监察一次雷暴雨，以便能观察到大多数的伽玛射线闪光，但在有些情况下，风暴已远远地离去。

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To the electron, the corresponding system is the positron, which was observed after the prediction in cosmic ray experiments by Anderson in 1932.

对电子来说，与其相对应的是正电子，后者被安德森于1932年在宇宙射线实验中发现。

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The X-ray emissions observed as the star rotates indicate that for its size, V1647 is spinning as fast as it can without shredding itself to pieces, the scientists said.

MSN: Newborn star's 'heartbeat' seen by X-ray telescopes

That debris would not only have produced the gamma ray burst, but also some X-ray emissions that were also observed from the explosion.

FORBES: Scientists Develop Two Scenarios For Cosmic Christmas Explosion

Early research involved a colleague lying in a deckchair in the night-time open air with a piece of string to measure the meteors, while he observed electromagnetic signals on a cathode-ray tube in a nearby hut.

ECONOMIST: Bernard Lovell | The