Tetsunari Iida, an engineer-turned-industry critic, said the situation is "beyond the reach" of Japan's closely knit nuclear establishment.

CNN: STORY HIGHLIGHTS

On return from Los Alamos, Fuchs worked at the nuclear research establishment at Harwell.

BBC: How atom spy slipped security net

The stated rationale was to permit an orderly transition on the part of the nuclear arsenal and its supporting industrial establishment to a permanent no-testing environment.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Center for Security Policy | Will China��s Nuclear Test Precipitate Needed Reexamination Of Clinton, Congressional Policies?