By distinguishing knowledge and knowledge-oriented labor, the paper clarifies some ambiguities, arguing that it is the knowledge-oriented labor, not knowledge itself, that creates value.

本文通过区分知识和知识性劳动，澄清了模糊认识，阐明是知识性劳动创造了价值，而不是知识创造了价值。

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Knowledge itself is not the one-dimensional commodity that much excitable writing in the past decade has suggested.

ECONOMIST: Predictions about technology

The entrant can short-sell the monopoly's shares before beginning to compete, thus boosting its expected returns. (Note that insider-trading laws do not stop a company using knowledge about itself when trading other companies' shares).

ECONOMIST: Preying on theory

The importance of intangible cultural heritage is not the cultural manifestation itself but rather the wealth of knowledge and skills that is transmitted through it from one generation to the next.

UNESCO: Intangible Cultural Heritage