And we looked at the component of a vector field in the direction that was normal to the curve.

我们研究的是，向量场在曲线法向量方向的情况。

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That is our convention to get a unit normal vector that points to the right of the curve as we move along the curve.

这是约定的得到单位法向量的方法，这种做法使得，当沿着曲线行进时，法向量始终指向右手方向。

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The standard statistical approach to risk management is based on a “bell curve” or normal distribution, in which most results are in the middle and extremes are rare.

在统计学中，风险管理的标准方法是基于“钟形曲线”（或曰正态分布）的，绝大多数结果分布在中间，极端情况十分罕见。

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On the consumer banking side, a more normal yield curve would benefit banks like Morgan Stanley due to a better lending environment as banks can borrow short-term rates and lend long-term.

FORBES: Morgan Stanley Makes Hay With Higher Rates

To see what was going on, Dr Hansen superimposed the actual curves for each decade from the fifties to the noughties on a normal distribution, which acted as a reference curve.

ECONOMIST: Climate change

It used to be that Wall Street was functioning on the basic idea that financial events were subject to something very like a normal distribution, also known as a bell curve.

FORBES: Christmas, Kurtosis, Fat Tails, Black Swans And Risk Management, Pt. 2