Add extra copies of them to these organisms' chromosomes, or force the existing copies to produce more protein than normal, and life is prolonged.

向这些生物体染色体中加入更多这类基因拷贝，或让现有的这类基因产生比正常情况下更多的蛋白质就能将生命延长。

youdao

Back then, the mitochondria didn't have stunted genomes as they do today, but normal bacterial chromosomes with several thousand genes.

回溯到那时候，线粒体(细菌)还没象今天我们看到的这样全然地改变了染色体的面貌，但正常的细菌染色体有几千个基因。

youdao

So its progeny have double the normal amount of chromosomes, which they randomly toss off till they're near the right number again.

所以它的后代有双倍的染色体数量，它们随机地轻而易举地处理直到它们重新接近正确数目。

youdao

Similar, though smaller, differences were also found between boys and girls with normal complements of chromosomes.

ECONOMIST: Genetics and behaviour

Women have two X chromosomes, and a normal copy of the gene will override the defective one.

WSJ: New Outlook for Colorblindness

This dual life-cycle means that, besides disrupting normal cellular activities in the ways that other viruses do, a retrovirus may also disrupt the normal function of its host's chromosomes.

ECONOMIST: Foulpox