It continued the efforts, begun in 1961, by Project OSCAR—a US-based group that built and launched the very first nongovernmental satellite just four years after Sputnik.

它延续了1961年由奥斯卡计划开始的行动。奥斯卡计划是一个总部设在美国的组织，在人造卫星“斯普特尼克”之后仅四年就制造并发射了第一颗非政府卫星。

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The most typical is the house-speculating group in Wenzhou, which is said to hold a sum of RMB 150 billion according to a nongovernmental opinion.

最典型的购房投机群体是在温州，根据非官方信息，这个群体据说拥有1500亿人民币的资本。

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In the last six years customs officials in China have nabbed more than 25, 000 pieces of artifacts illegally bound for international markets, says Cultural Heritage Watch, a nongovernmental group based in Beijing.

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Bibiana Ortiz, a researcher with the Center for Human Rights and Displacement, the leading Colombian-based nongovernmental research group, says that number tops 5.3 million, due to those who are not registered as displaced.

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She says that a group of nongovernmental soldiers stopped their vehicle and ruthlessly beat her father and uncle.

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