But it turns out the environment is very critical for this, and you can only define an essential or non-essential gene based on exactly what's in the environment.

但是，环境对此的影响非常关键，我们只能根据环境中确实存在的条件来定义必需或非必需的基因。

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The scientists in Africa are placing this proprietary gene inside drought-resistant corn developed by non-transgenic breeding techniques by a Mexico-based research center called CIMMYT.

在墨西哥的国际玉米和小麦改良中心，非洲的科学家们把这种专利基因放进非转基因育种技术开发的抗旱玉米中。

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But the computer model suggests that dairy farmers carrying this gene variant probably originated in central Europe and then spread more widely and rapidly than non-dairying groups.

但计算机建模表明，携带该基因变种的奶农来自中欧，之后比非乳品业人群分布得广泛而迅速。

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Gene Simmons is a non-crossed business model.

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But there were chemotherapy options, notably a relatively new drug called Tarceva, which targets a gene mutation commonly found in lung cancers of female non-smokers.

NEWYORKER: Letting Go

Maybe it should be a requirement that to patent a gene that the patented gene be attached to chromosomes or organelles that are only found in the non-motile gamete (e.g. if it exists, something like the Y-chromosome, but only existing in eggs ).

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