Japan hasn't seen,in Japan, we haven't seen the actual nominal GDP growth for as long as two decades,"

VOA: standard.2010.01.21

So we would say the real interest rate equals the nominal rate-- approximately equals--the nominal rate minus the inflation rate.

我们可以推出实际利率约等于,名义利率减去通货膨胀率

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The real interest rate, computed from nominal rates, is equal to one plus the nominal rate divided by one plus the inflation rate, so it corrects for inflation.

由名义利率算得的实际利率 等于,/,它是一个经通胀调整后指标

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Nominal GDP rose 7% year-over-year in the second quarter, faster than any nominal growth in the 1990s.

FORBES: Slowdown Or Not?

In deflation the nominal value of debts remains fixed even as nominal wages, prices and profits fall.

ECONOMIST: Inflation is bad, but deflation is worse

But does money supply directly boost nominal income, or does nominal income affect velocity and the demand for money?

ECONOMIST: Economics focus