但是,在资源和经济活动有限的情况下,地方**间的竞争也可能带来零和(zero-sum)甚至负和(negative-sum)的结局(Martinez-Vazquez和McNab,2002)[10]。
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negative sum game 负和游戏 ; 负和博弈
Negative-Sum Game 负和游戏
negative-sum process 一种负和过程
negative risk sum 负风险和
So, after taking into account the market impact, and the commissions, and the fees, this zero-sum game becomes a negative-sum game.
所以,考虑到市场冲击,佣金,规费,这一零和博弈变成了负和博弈。
So that means if we add up all of the formal charges within the molecule, what we would expect to see is that they sum up to give a net charge of negative 1.
那么这就意味着如果我们把这个分子中,所有的形式电荷加起来,我们应该会看到它们加起来,之后得到的净电荷量为负一。
Greed implies a negative sum game.
贪婪是一个负和游戏。
So,after taking into account the market impact, and the commissions,and the fees, this zero-sum game becomes a negative-sum game.
所以,考虑到市场冲击,佣金,规费,这一零和博弈变成了负和博弈
It's not even a zero-- or rather if I have less, you'll have less- that's a negative sum game-- or a zero sum game-- if I have more, you'll have less- it's a fixed pie.
甚至不是一个零…,或者我更少,你也会更少,那也是负和游戏-,或零和游戏,我更多,你就会更少-,饼就那么大。
Neither it is a negative sum game-- it's not that my happiness takes away from other people's happiness which will be a negative sum game: if I have more, you'll necessarily have less.
也不是负和游戏-,我的快乐不是从别人那里夺来,那将是负和游戏:,我有更多,你一定更少。
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