He argument about the aggregate demand side is academic, in the negative sense of the word.
有关总需求方面的争论,在字面的消极意义上讲,仅仅是是学术性的。
It can attach itself to a church or a class, or it may work in a merely negative sense, against something or other and without the need for any positive object of loyalty.
这情感可以依附于一座教堂,一个班级,或者仅仅表现在消极的一面,反对着这些那些,不需要一个积极的具体事物来寄托忠诚。
The negative sense of pleasure increases in a vicious cycle and becomes a quality of bad study psyche.
并在恶性循环中沉积、内化为一种恶性学习心理素质。
And also in a very sort of pragmatic sense, in a negative way, it's tax-deductible.
同时,从实用的角度来讲,或是从一个消极的角度,这种捐款是免税的。
it's an easy calculation -- we're just taking the negative of the binding energy, again that makes sense, because it's this difference in energy here. So what we get is that the binding energy, when it's negative, the ionization energy is 5 . 4 5 times 10 to the negative 19 joules.
这个计算很简单-我们,只需要取结合能的负值,同样这很容易理解,因为这就是这的能量差,所以我们得到的就是结合能,当它取负值,电离能就是5。45乘以。
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