1802 was an exciting year for Turner, a long end of Napoleon into the wars in Europe meant he could travel abroad for the first time and see the landscapes of France and Switzerland.

1802年对于透纳来说是令人兴奋的一年。拿破仑在欧洲的战争结束了。这意味着透纳可以第一次出国旅游，到法国和瑞士游山玩水。

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The massive state-sponsored art theft recalls the behavior of conquerors in earlier wars, including European monarchs and Napoleon.

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War among the great powers was a common, if not constant, occurrence in the long periods of multipolarity from the 16th to the 18th centuries, culminating in the series of enormously destructive Europe-wide wars that followed the French Revolution and ended with Napoleon's defeat in 1815.

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