A mutual model reference adaptive method for the rotor speed and stator resistance identification is proposed in this paper to implement a speed sensorless direct torque control of induction motors.

本文介绍了一种可互换模型参考自适应方法实现对电机转速和定子电阻的辨识，并将其应用于异步机的无速度传感器直接转矩控制中。

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Walmart’s business model compels it to create a deep mutual dependence with local suppliers, and as a result it has more touch points with locals than MNCs typically do.

沃尔玛的商业模式使得它与本地供应商建立了深入的互利依赖关系，结果是与当地人有了众多接触点，这通常是其他跨国公司所没有的。

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Spencer's territorial-expansion model argues that states arise through a mutual-causal process involving simultaneous territorial expansion and bureaucratization.

斯宾塞的领土扩张模式主张国家是随着相互因果的进化而兴起的，这个过程包含了领土扩张和官僚化得同时性。

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Almost 3 decades later, his model and a mutual fund based on it have accumulated quite an enviable track record, even through the financial crisis in 2008.

FORBES: 7 Gifts for People Who Like Money

Since 1982, Brown's model portfolio of mutual funds has produced annualized returns of 15.5%, compared to 13.3% for the DJ Wilshire 5000 over the same time period, according to Hulbert Financial Digest.

FORBES: How Stable Is Your Core?

In effect, Schwab is repeating a model it built for mutual funds years ago, hoping to attract the hordes of retirement investors who need access to the products at a low cost.

FORBES: As ETF Costs Crater, Retirement Investors Win