In some cases it penalised shareholders and protected creditors; at Washington Mutual, holders of unsecured debt were made to bear losses.

在有些情况下，它们还对股东进行了处罚，以保护债权人。让华盛顿互助银行无担保债务的持有人承担损失。

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Burned on Lehman debt, many money-market mutual funds have also stopped buying commercial paper.

鉴于雷曼的债券，许多货币市场共同基金也已经停止购买商业票据。

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Debtors want mutual solidarity; if not direct transfers from rich to poor, then at least Eurobonds to pool debt (the commission is studying the options for this).

而债务国则希望欧盟各国能够相互团结，如果管理不了这种由富到穷的转变，那至少要对欧洲债券转变成共有债务进行引导(委员会正在研究这个选择)。

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Main Street investors can buy local currency emerging market debt through a variety of mutual funds, like the Oppenheimer Emerging Markets Debt (OEMAX) and Goldman Sachs Emerging Market Debt (GSDIX).

FORBES: What to Buy As Dollar Sinks

The buyers of debt (portfolio managers of mutual funds, investment trusts, insurance companies, etc.) need to understand the risk of the bonds that they buy.

FORBES: Credit Ratings and the Fiscal Cliff

The steps here are first swap the remarked bank debt for equity shares in mutual funds while simultaneously selling the remarked bank assets to the mutual funds.

FORBES: Mr. Draghi's Dangerous Confidence Game