With the application of dense wavelength division multiplexing and the advance in optical transport network, optical switching has become one of the key techniques for the future.

随着密集波分复用技术的应用以及光联网的提出，光开关技术已经成为未来光联网的关键技术之一。

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The basis of ATM technology is a high-efficiency, low-latency switching and multiplexing mechanism ideally suited to an environment in which there are specific bandwidth limitations.

AT M技术的基础是一种高效、低延迟的交换和多路复用机制，非常适合有具体的带宽限定的环境使用。

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But old style phone regulations often require network operators to maintain and expand obsolete copper wires and TDM (time division multiplexing) switching technologies.

FORBES: "Phone" Is Just an App; Why Regulate It?