An endoscope (which contains a surgical light and small camera) is placed through the tube, allowing the surgeon to view the annulus, disc, and epidural space on a video monitor.

经工作套管放置内镜(它带有手术光源和小摄像机)，允许外科医生通过视频屏幕观察纤维环、椎间盘、硬膜外间隙。

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The surgeon typicallys two small openings in your skin. An arthroscope is placed through one opening. This device is a camera attached to a thin tube. It shows live images on a monitor.

通常，外科医生在皮肤上作两个小口，通过一个切口放入关节镜，这是装有小摄像头的细管，可以在显示屏上展现动态图像。

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It is proved that this system can also be used to monitor the property of the cathode in the assembled tube by measuring a grid controlled travelling-wave tube.

通过对一种栅控行波管的测量，证明本系统可用来监测整管中阴极的活性。

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